Substantial development and its benefits to Toronto Essay

Substantial development and its benefits to Toronto - Essay Example Sustainability entails that we should consider the world to be a system connected in both space and time, hence an environmental blunder committed in a particular place in the world, will be felt worldwide and in generations to come. In a developmental context, sustainability calls for a decision making process that is futuristic. It strives to bring a balance between the competing needs and environmental consciousness. According to Stockholm Partnership Forum for Sustainable Development (2012), Stockholm is one of the world’s greatest cities that have highly embraced the idea of substantial development though it has been facing a lot of challenges. The city offers an attractive and conducive environment for its citizens in both the working and living arenas. Through its principle of sustainability, has been seen to grow substantially in terms of economics. For instance its 2012-2015 environmental program is envisioned in the principle of promoting an appealing and developing city where individual’s needs are approached from both a qualitative and bio-diversity approach. The program seeks to promote a transport system that is environmentally efficient, sustainable use of resources (land, energy and water), effective waste treatment techniques and production of human friendly structures and goods. The combined approach of BBP-NC and TGS will surely benefit the city through infrastructural expansion as well as health care costs. This is because it aims at providing infrastructural structures that are long lasting and eco-friendly. Sustainability emphasizes on recycling and proper utilization of resources, principles which are very prominent in both the two approaches (Lindstrà ¶m & Kà ¼ller, 2008). Furthermore, if natural resources such as air and land are abused currently, their long felt effects such as global warming will be felt intensely in the future. This is why TGS and BBP-NC strive to reduce significantly the amount of carbon dioxide

Texas Retirement System (TRS) Essay Example for Free

Texas Retirement System (TRS) Essay You have been recruited to consult for the Texas Retirement System (TRS). TRS is looking at alternative investment opportunities. They see John Bogle’s (founder of Vanguard) mantra of simply investing in index funds as particularly compelling. Yet, Miller’s historical record at Value Trust has been outstanding, and several trustees are in favor of investing with him. Your task to provide a recommendation to the trustees as to whether or not they should invest with Miller and Value Trust. Again, the case questions are here to simply guide your analysis. You are preparing a professional report for the TRS trustees, and it should be structured accordingly. Also, don’t spend a lot of time repeating the facts of the case itself, but certainly use the exhibits to support your assessments. 1. How well has Value Trust performed in recent years? In making that assessment, what benchmark(s) are you using? How do you measure investment performance? What does good performance mean to you? 2. What might explain the fund’s performance? To what extent do you believe an investment strategy, such as Miller’s, explains performance? 3. How easy will it be to sustain Miller’s historical performance record into the future? What factors support your conclusion? 4. Consider the mutual fund industry. What roles do portfolio managers play? What are the differences between fundamental and technical securities analysis? How well do mutual funds generally perform relative to the overall market? 5. What is capital-market efficiency? What are its implications for investment performance in general? What are the implications for fund managers, if the market exhibits characteristics of strong, semi-strong, or weak efficiency? 6. As of 2005, would you recommend investing in Miller’s Value Trust? What beliefs about the equity markets does your answer reflect?

Analysis of The Lost Children of Wilder by Nina Bernstein Essay

Analysis of The Lost Children of Wilder by Nina Bernstein â€Å"The Lost Children of Wilder† is a book about how the foster care system failed to give children of color the facilities that would help them lead a somewhat normal and protected life. The story of Shirley Wilder is a sad one once you find out what kind of life she had to live when she was a young girl. Having no mother and rejected by her father she has become a troubled girl. Shirley Wilder was rejected from foster care because she was black. The system failed to place children of color into these homes because they weren’t white, Catholic, or Jewish. I cannot even believe that this went on years ago. Just because you are of a different race meant that you could not benefit from the system. This is absolutely ridiculous that children could not get the proper care and supervision that they needed. One example of race discrimination is of a girl from my town. She was not able to go to our local swim club because she was black. I know this has nothing to do with foster care but both of her parents died and she was adopted by a white family whom she babysat for. They wanted to take her to the swim club but she was rejected because she was black. She sued the club and was awarded $200,000. I think she was lucky to have gotten the money but nothing can undo what it feels like to be discriminated against. â€Å"Under New York’s Family Court Act, treatment was the legal justification for taking troubled children in...

Philips vs Panasonic: Facing the 2008 Economic Crisis Essay

1. Introduction Panasonic and Philips are two of the main consumer electronics companies in the world with different origins but similar international path. Several hurdles were faced by both companies in their evolution. This paper will analysis how the administrative heritage of Philips and Panasonic caused problem in the changing of their strategy, causing problem in the implementation of the respective strategic decisions. Moreover it tries to explain how time contingences and the external environment had influenced the strategy of the two MNEs and shape the organizational structure; sometimes leading to success, sometimes losing ground in the market field. Nowadays the main tasks of the two companies are conflictual : for Panasonic defending its leadership position, for Philips challenging the global leader. How to reach these goals? The last paragraph will address these objectives providing to the CEOs of the respective companies further steps to consider in order to remain com petitive in the market field, from 2008 looking forward. 2. How the environment and culture shape companies’ strategy and organization 2.1 Philips evolution: from responsive to integrated Philips’s strategy, right after WWII, led the company to its success. The economic situation during the 30s, forced the company to transfer part of its assets and laboratories abroad. This led to a dispersion of responsibilities. Countries protectionism, high tariffs and trade barriers required local production facilities. These problems led to the adoption of a decentralized federation with independent and self sufficient units and autonomous marketing. The contingent environment spurred the management to rebuild their structures upon National Operations (NOs). Philips built its success on a worldwide portfolio of responsive national organizations. Economic conditions, tastes and preferences, at that time, differed across countries; corporate management treated subsidiaries as independent national businesses with the aim to satisfy local needs. National Organizations were so vigil that they manage to preempt products required by customers, launching products such as the first color TV, the first stereo TV and the first TV with teletext. Innovation and R&D were the core strength of the company. They were flexible, responsive and fast in the approach to market. Entrepreneurial initiatives derived, not from top down imposition, but from every single division. The company succeeded in managing its innovation and to bring it to the next level, making innovation and customer’s needs the purpose of their business. The focus on national responsiveness was appropriate since the 50-60s, when it started to become the firm’s limitation. The great focus given to tailor solution to costumers’ tastes increased the cost of production and led to a dispersion of subsidiaries across too many countries. Problems of efficiencies and coordination arose. The company took several years to get rid of its matrix structure. Attempts to shift the companies to a slimmer organization in order to become more efficient in its production were slow and cumbersome. The National Operations continued to detain major responsibilities. The company was captive of its past. Contrarily to management prevision, the matrix structure created more problems that it solved. It was more complex than either the â€Å"worldwide area structure† or â€Å"the worldwide product structure†, and it created conflicts of responsibilities. Market signals warned the company to implement changes in the way business was conducted. However, in the 1990s, the company was, still, going through major losses. The structure was too costly and value added higher, compared to Japanese production facilities. Even if a good objective were settled in the strategic planning, however, as history showed, the further step of re-organization failed due to difficulties encountered in rebuilding the organization. It was not a zero-base reconfiguration. For more than 35 years, from 1971 onwards, different CEOs tried to take action in order to reduce the power of NO and create an agile and simple divisional organization that could create efficiencies, however trying not to neglects their sources of innovation: respond to country specific markets. 2.2 Matsushita evolution: from integration to responsiveness Matsushita point of departure instead was complete different from the one undertaken by Philips. Matsushita employed a divisional structure with a strong centralized decision making. The adoption of the divisional organization was well-thought due to the large and highly differentiated product range manufactured by the companies, aimed to different target clients. This allowed the company to reduce the organizational complexity and reducing transaction costs within the company. Matsushita exploited the favorable characteristic of the post war era, such as a convergence of tastes across borders and the â€Å"uncontrollable† globalization. In the 60s, the firm managed to expand its product range. It created self-funded research laboratories to develop new product solution. At the time, Matsushita detained a strong distribution channel directly owned by the company with more than 25.000 domestic retail store. However, when the demand in the domestic marketed slowed down, what was a competitive advantage domestically was not replicable abroad. The company made a lot of effort in expanding its international presence, without being demoralized. However as times passed by, the highly centralized control structure, create problems in their offshore operations. By the 1980s, the company, mainly concentrated on global integration instead of localization, decided to re-tailored its strategy . Decentralization of responsibilities was more than a necessity. Matsushita’s strategy was too focused on global efficiencies neglecting innovation, and learning and flexibility. R&D was vital in this industry. Actions of several CEO tried to address these issues, changing the company’s strategy from copycat to promoter of invention. However, as Philips encountered problem in its â€Å"transformation†, so did Mastushita. The firm had difficulties in promoting self initiatives among different divisions. The former centralized hub organizational structure was still present in the employees’ mentality. The initiatives, such as the introduction of local managers with stronger responsibilities in key positions and locations, did not give the expected outcome in the short run. It took several years and a lot of effort to see some res ults. Again the company was captive of its past. Today, Mitsushita’s configuration is mainly built around 3 main divisions: Digital networks, Home appliance and Components; reduced from the 36 product divisions used in the 1980s. The simplification was clear and so its advantages. The reaction of such a structure led the company to be more flexible to local need, reduce costs of duplication and achieve economies of scope. The products developed within each division were highly linked. However the company was not safe from competition. With the crisis’ approaching, the economical situation of the company does not remain untouched. What else is left to do? 2 Core issues today in the consumer electronic industry The current economic situation differs drastically from the one encountered in 10 or 20 years ago. Phenomena like globalization have given companies such as Philips and Panasonic the chance to provide their product to an extensive market, raising however new challenges. The global economic recession has created new needs. Consumers are more price sensitive and less willing to pay high prices for low quality products. Companies need to be aware of their cost structure and be ready to take respond to rapid technological changes and changing consumer preferences with timely and cost-effective introductions of new products in markets that are highly competitive in terms of both price and technology. The access to low factor cost, such as low labor force in emerging country as become crucial. Moreover, developing markets, such as India and China, are not only location where firms can manufacture products at lower costs, but also new opportunities where companies can market their own produ cts. In the consumer electronic industry, competition has become extremely high and innovation, now more than ever has become crucial as new source of revenues. 3. Recommendation for Philips: Exploit contingencies of the time you are in The 2008 situation of Philips is not flourishing. In 2008, the company scored a net loss of â‚ ¬260 million. This was probably due to the financial crisis that affected the company drastically. However, company’s loss can not only be attributed to external factors. The company has made some mistakes, in the recent years, and should take action and correct its own strategy, remembering it origins. Coherence with past is crucial to tailor an effective strategy that could lead to innovative solutions for the future. That’s why Philips should continue to develop consumer-centric solutions. Research laboratories should remain independent but linked across one another. Philips should tackle the recession without sacrificing its long term strategic ambition: â€Å"Improving people live through meaningful innovation†1. That why now, more than ever, the company should be able to forecast marke t trends. Philips should continue more efficiently to re-allocate resources to growth opportunities and emerging markets. To do so it should transfer part of its qualified personnel to target markets, such as from India and China, building a strong teams of both local and expatriates managers and engineers. The combination of foreign and local figures could help the firm to continue the strategy of local responsiveness. To do so, it is necessary to include in the company agenda selective mergers and acquisitions. M&A, however, should not be out of focus. Philips has reduced its current division to 3 main domains: healthcare, lighting and customers lifestyle. My recommendation would be to stay true to these three core segments, acquiring key strategic companies in foreign markets. How to finance these new objectives? Disinvestments in peripheral activities and less profitable plans are still needed in order to obtain liquidity to reinvest in developing countries. This tactic would not repay within short term but long term profits would offset the high level of investments. Moreover leveraging of local subsidiaries in emerging markets can a springboard, to target back developed markets selling low cost products. 4. Recommendation for Mastushita: defending worldwide dominance The economic situation of Panasonic is different from the once faced by Philips. Panasonic is the world’s leading plasma maker in the industry and has to defend its worldwide dominance. Matsushita has based its competitive advantage ion low cost production. However, particular during financial crisis period, several other initiatives are to be implemented. First the company has to reduce its cost structure in order to face the deep decrease in demand in order to continue to make profits. Panasonic its already leader in this activities, however, there are always margins of improvements. To achieve cost reduction, it has to downsize its workforce. The firm should prioritized certain businesses over less profitable ones. Moreover adopt a lean management in order to reduce at the minimum the wastes in the value chain. Secondly it should restructure its organization to make it as clear and simple as possible in order to avoid cost duplication, slow process and cost of bureaucracy. In addition, The shift of demand and the focus on emerging market, in particular Asian markets, should be the highest priority. The market signaled opportunities in untapped market. The firm should be upfront in order to gain advantages over competition. These is a necessity to shut down plants in Japan and oversea and transfer workforce and capital to new sites. This initiative can also overcome exchange currency risk. Also distribution channels in these countries should be enhanced. However, the company should not forget its heritage: leverage on efficiency. The company should achieve a â€Å"transnational strategy†; incrementing its local responsiveness and innovation and learning, at the same time. Even during times of recession in essential to continue to invest in R&D, with the objective to grow faster than competitors when the market recovers. The main revenues for the companies come from distinct technologies. Local responsiveness could be achieved through the delegation of, even more, profit responsibilities to the three main divisions. This could enhance the company performance and to keep it on the podium. 6. Conclusions The structural variety is function of the environmental characteristics, Organization has to adapt to the external environment. Both companies has gone through several changes in their evolution. Environmental factors pushed companies to rethink their strategy and consequently their organizational structures. In some cases the difficulties encountered in the transition, for instance from an highly integrated company to more responsive, was slow and cumbersome. Both companies has been proved to be reluctant to change. . It is true that the set of strategies a firm is limited by the decisions the company has made in the past, however, these limitation should not be considered as insurmountable. Change can occur and rapidly. Philips and Panasonic lacked the ambition to design solution at 360 °. Firms should learn from their past and continue to leverage on their own competitive advantages, building on existing infrastructure. Do not be captive of your own past, but use your past experience to create a strong advantage, compensating your deficiencies. 5

The Effects of Traveling Abroad

Cause and effect essay The Effects of Traveling Abroad Why do people take a journey for a short or long period of time? Even though journey takes a lot of money and time, most people want to take a journey to learn something from the journey when they can afford to. Journey is precious especially when people leave themselves from where they live. What kind of benefits do they have from the journey? By leaving where they live, people come to know themselves, their family and friends who are always with them. There are numerous old proverbs regarding the journey over the world.One thing those proverbs indicate is journey is a great experience in our life and helps the life improving. I am going to talk about the effects of journey by giving my own experience of traveling abroad with the proverbs. â€Å"To make your children live successful, send them on journey early on. † There is an old proverb with journey. This proverb comes up with my parents who sent me and my brother to E ngland when I was 13 years old. At that time, I was too young to know where I was going to and who am I. However, the staying in England, consequently, made me know myself a little bit and meet the totally new world.The experience in England contributes to my thinking and dream in a global way. Ultimately, my parents’ decision sending me and my brother on journey early on had great effects on our life. â€Å"To know and understand your friend, take a trip with her or him for four days. † I’ve heard many times from my friends about traveling abroad with friends. Most people who took a journey abroad with their friends had a fight during the journey. When couples go on a trip together, they always have a fight during the trip.I know two couples who broke up after traveling abroad. They realized that they don’t get along well from the journey. In my experience, I’ve been to Japan for five days with my best friend who I’ve known when I was middl e school student. Before beginning our journey, I was really worried about our friendship. That’s why I tried to being nice and understand her point of view in planning our journey. We had a disagreement when we were traveling in Japan but we got over soon because we know each other very well and we didn’t want to break our friendship.Through this journey with my closest friend, we have been getting closer and thinking each other more precious. â€Å"Journey makes people not only pure but also strong. † This proverb implies the importance of journey in our life especially regarding oneself. In 2009 before the Vancouver Olympic Games 2010, I went to Vancouver to do volunteering activities for 6 months at the Olympic venue. At that time, I lived in a foreign country for a long time, bought some foods, made my plates, and did laundry by myself for the first time.This life in Vancouver, as a result, changed the way of thinking and made me see the broad world. Someti mes I had trouble living other country and was in a slump doing my volunteering activities. This led me to look back on myself. By living other country alone, I had much time thinking about my life, dream and future in my country. After then, when I come across challenges, I can overcome even though how hard they are. It is an undeniable fact that people have learned a lesson from traveling abroad. We can experience new culture, food, people and atmosphere from the journey.During the period of time traveling abroad, we can have enough time to think about ourselves and change our point of view. Journey makes us grow up in a good way. That’s why people always want to leave somewhere nice to feel a new environment and make their life plentiful. Traveling abroad always accompany with troubles and problems. We can realize wisdom of life by experiencing lots of hard times during the traveling. Like the old proverbs, â€Å"Travel broadens the mind, and raises the spirits. †, traveling abroad teaches how to see and live our life.

Strossen a Strong or Weak Argument Essays

Strossen a Strong or Weak Argument Essays Strossen a Strong or Weak Argument Essay Strossen a Strong or Weak Argument Essay The title of Strossens essay, Sexual Speech and the Law, is simultaneously indicative and of the issues discussed in the article (and the substance of Strossens   thesis) and   obfuscatory regarding the   essential conclusions forwarded by Strossen in her essay. While Strossen, indeed, places emphasis in her discussion on the ramifications of sexually connotative free speech and expression or the censorship thereof by federal courts or other government institutions, the article, when taken as a whole, relates more appropriately to the issue of free speech itself; most specifically, the concept of bad tendencies in free speech as defined by the United States Supreme Court.Strossens thesis is fairly simple: the maintenance of liberal free speech standards will lead to the healthy social absorption of pornography much more efficaciously than suppression of pornography, under MacDworkinism, which Strossen argues   would ultimately lead to a slippery slope of legislation and court -rulings destined to undermine all institutions of free speech which, in turn, would lead to the disastrous erosion of the democratic principles on which America was, itself, founded. Strossens argument appears well reasoned and persuasive; however,   it is in many ways specious and suffers from examples of logical fallacy, most notably those which pertain to slippery slope, false dilemma, and post-hoc (or doubtful case) elements of rhetoric and argument.Throughout the essay, Strossen forwards what are seemingly valid and well-reasoned points; however, she often obscures the most important of these points by way of weak argument and rhetoric which suffers from traditional logical fallacies. Her argument, taken in total, is largely founded   on a slippery slope fallacy, one which pertains to domino effect erosion of free speech institutions based on admission of any form of censorship of pornographic free speech. Strossen also invokes a number of unsupported claims in her essay, notably the root assumption at the essays opening that Americas Puritanical heritage has placed an undue emphasis on sexual activity as an indication of personal morality. However appealing such a generalization may appear on the surface, the claim is entirely unsupported, here, and Strossens ensuing argument is deeply colored by this initial instance of weak argument and logical fallacy. This assumption can also be regarded as an example of post-hoc fallacy in that Strossen is in effect saying: because America has an historical connection to Puritanism and Christianity, all Americans are sexually repressed and prudish.Strossens weak argumentative tendencies continue with her positing of   MacDworkinism as the primary counter-argument to her own ideas. This constitutes a straw-man fallacy in that Strossen fails to admit alternative counter-viewpoints to her own and instead allows her inquiry to devolve into a considered point-by-point demolition of MacDworkinism without bothering to define the MacDworkin doctrine by any standard other than those of potential negative consequences.   Rather than examining MacDworkinism as the central issue of the essay, Strossen utilizes the straw man technique to elevate her argument to more general, and less easily defined, issues: such as those of free speech itself.The entirety of Strossens thesis is predicated on the aforementioned domino theory that any suppression of free speech other than that which emerges from an issue of public safety will ultimately lead to suppression of free speech itself, without exception, which will undermine democracy.   In order to rebut the all-but-inevitable response to this slippery slope argument: the notion of nuanced or incremental controls over the dissimenation of free speech (rather than its censorship) are avoided by Strossen, who, instead batters away at MacDworkinism and in so doing commits another rhetorical fallacy, that of false dilemma.: there is merely a choice between Mac Dworkinism or free speech and nothing in-between.Although Strossens assertion that control of free speech based on the Supreme Courts ruling involving bad tendencies would ultimately lead to the suppression of all free speech is emotionally   fluent, her logical and rhetorical strategies actually do more to undermine the validity of her assertions than to elucidate them in many instances. Though Strossen attempts to   draw a direct connection between free-speech controls involving pornography and larger issues of civil liberties, her argument is based almost solely on the straw man and slippery slope concepts of MacDworkinism and the erosion of civil liberties. She states explicitly that if MacDworkinism should prevail in the courts, it would jeopardize all of the foregoing free-speech precedents and principles. (Strossen 464) .Strossens fairly thorough examination of the Brandenberg V. Ohio Supreme Court Case and its ultimate resolution offers one of the most well-reasoned and persuasive sections of the essay. For this particular element of her argument, Strossen should be credited with presenting a compelling and adequately substantiated constitutionally based argument for   the present day interpretation of   the bad tendency paradigm.   However, her conclusion, that modern feminist are, indeed, seeking a return to the now-discredited bad tendency paradigm is an instance of oversimplification. In point of fact, there is nothing to suggest that a future Supreme Court interpretation of inciteful speech or even of the bad tendency paradigm would lead to the specific events Strossen cites from the past or for the specific events Strossen posits as likely outcomes in the future should such legislative and judicial interpretations are admitted. It is of course useful to look to historical precedent for contemporary interpretations of law and even of   social norms; however, the nightmarish scenario which Strossen extrapolates from her otherwise co gent study of specific case-histories in the Supreme Court is largely, if not wholly, unsubstantiated.By resorting to logical and rhetorical fallacies in the midst of an otherwise well-reasoned and well-researched essay, Strossen not only undermines her own political and social points, she obscures them which results in a weak presentation of her thesis and its ensuing conclusions. By resorting to the use of the straw man, slippery slope, Post Hoc, and oversimplification, among the other fallacies which have been cited above, Strossen allows her potential reader to engage emotionally with her argument but not consistently rationally. Because the nature of the argument is, itself, based at least partially on the emotional resonance and volatility of the issue of free-speech itself, Strossen undermines her most poignant and meaningful points relevant to the issues of censorship and pornography and reduces what might have been eloquently stated principles to fallacies.Perhaps the most compelling element of Strossens argument is that idea that free speech is, itself, the best measure against the misogynistic and offensive nature of pornographic free speech. her positing of the idea that the guarantee of free speech for women and feminists would be more efficacious in the long run than censorship of pornography, is a deeply appealing and intensely provocative idea. Unfortunately, it, like many of Strossens other points in thee essay, is delivered without evidence or example, so it is both a generalization and and unsupported claim. Strossen, overall, presents a compelling argument,but one which is obfuscated behind her unfortunate choice of and rhetorical strategies.;

A Raisin in the Sun (Researched Analysis)

A Raisin in the Sun (Researched Analysis) Introduction The paper is an analysis of the play A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry. This was the first play written by a black woman and first appeared in 1959 and it about the life of Youngers, an African-American family. Youngers resided in a segregated neighborhood in Chicago.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on A Raisin in the Sun (Researched Analysis) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The play through its various well nurtured characters have successfully brought out various themes such as sexuality, American dream, civil rights, culture, poverty, faith, compromise, tolerance and prejudice, primacy of family racism and oppression (Hansberry 55). The essay will concentrate on the climaxes in the play, faith as well as racial discrimination. Climax in this play has been brought out clearly and successfully by the author. Climax is a situation in which there is a clear twist of events that usually take either form, good or bad. Similarly, climax is used to refer to the end of the piece of art that is usually captivating and can leave people either happy or sad and mostly in dilemma. On the other hand racial discrimination refers to a situation where an individual or a group of persons are treated in an unfair manner due to their skin color or cultural background (Orlando 7). Thirdly, the issue of faith comes out clearly in the play. This is true and clearly depicted by mama, after receiving the check, she indeed bought a house and entrusted his son with the remaining some. Additionally, the family of Youngers again confirmed their faith in Walter after he refused to take the offer Mr. Lindler was offering the Youngers’ so that they cannot move to their new apartment. Racial discrimination has occurred and supported by the fact that the Youngers were unfairly treated by Mr. Lindler who tried to block them from going to their newly bought house. Climax in the play is realize d when Walter is made to understand by Bobo that Willy, the man entrusted with the money to start a liquor business has run away with the money, this thus killed Walters dream of becoming a business man. Another climax based on the second definition is when Mr. Lindler the white man was bluntly informed by Walter that the Youngers have not relented on their quest to move to their newly acquired house.Advertising Looking for research paper on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More By definition, racial discrimination refers to a situation whereby someone’s skin color is used as a factor to determine a number of issues such as concerning jobs, acquisition of property, and promotion among others. It is generally the unfair treatment of an individual or group of persons on the basis of their skin color. In the play A Raisin in the Sun, there are clear instances where the Youngers have been sidelined as a result of being black (Hansberry 148). The first case of racial discrimination is depicted when the life style of Youngers is described, a bigger family that only have one bathroom and where one must wait for his turn to get a shower. This kind of life facing the Youngers can be associated with the difficulties of black American to secure employment. In case they are lucky, they are only capable of working in jobs that have very little earnings that cannot sustain life of an average human being. From the play we are told Walter works as chauffer for a white family, the salary from such kind of work cannot be sufficient enough to sustain such a big family. Similarly, what Mama says summarizes it all, â€Å"We just plain working folks.† On the same note what Walter says about his wife that she has been working â€Å"in somebody else’s kitchen for the last three years to help put clothes on her [Beneathas] back† (Hansberry 111). It is presumably house of a whi te native and she endured unfair treatment while struggling to fend for the family. Additionally, the issue of discrimination came to light in the play when mama bough a new house in Clybourne Park. Mr. Lindner, a white later come to the Youngers family and claimed to be the chairman of Clybourne Park Improvement Association. When he was offered a drink, he blatantly refused just because it was offered to him by a black. We later learn that his motive was to purchase the house bought by the Youngers, since he (Mr. Lindler) claims that the place where the newly acquired house for the Youngers is unsuitable for them; they do not deserve to leave in such an area. He plainly puts it, â€Å"Negro families are happier when they live in their own communities.† (Hansberry, 73) Although it is not very clear whether, Beneatha refusal to accept the attention of Murchison George a local was on the basis of race, it is clear that she liked Asagai more so because he was intelligent, articu late and proud of their race, Africans.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on A Raisin in the Sun (Researched Analysis) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Use of climax as a literature style is very significant as it keeps things or themes in the piece of art rolling as well as bringing things into conclusion. A good example of climax is depicted where Bobo brought made it known that Willy did run away with the money Mama had given Walter which he intended to open a liquor business, the hidden agenda of Walter then comes to light (Hansberry 91). As a result of such revelation, every member of the Youngers family was now aware of what Walter was unto with all the money entrusted to him by mama. Walter trust by mama has now diminished so to speak. This again makes the trust Mama had in him fade away, although she claimed previously when asked by Walter, â€Å"You trust me like that, Mama? Mama echoed that she still trusts him. Similarly, Walters’s dream of trying his hands on liquor business hit a snug. Another clear example of climax in the play is when Walter stood on his ground against what he had promised Mr. Lindner concerning the buying of the house the Youngers had acquired (Cummings 12) The news of Ruth being pregnant can also provide us with a typical example of climax. Although it was not planned by mama, we see her assigning some $3, 500 dollars as well as providing moral support and strongly object the idea of Ruth aborting.. Again the argument between Walter and his wife Ruth resulted to Walter proposing that Beneatha should either concentrate on her nursing career or just get married (Orlando 2). Faith in the play is depicted especially by mama. She strongly believes in her family despite the fact that she is in hard financial times. After receiving her check, she bought a house for her family; this not only depicts motherly love but also faith in her family members (Hansb erry 126). Additionally, she entrusted Walter, her son with the remaining sum of money. We see Walter being amazed and asking his mother if she had that strong believe in him, and what mama replies is that no single day has she lost trust in him (Cummings 4). Additionally, through Hansberry 126 we see an act of faith when mama set aside money for the purposes of educating Beneatha. The amount totals to $3,500. No one could have done that especially considering that the family was African-American. This shows us that mama has a dream that Beneatha is indeed capable of becoming a nurse which is her dreams.Advertising Looking for research paper on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, Ruth, Walter’s wife has no faith in him. When she found out that she was pregnant, after fainting earlier that day, she immediately opted for an abortion on the grounds that Walter will not provide for the additional kid due to financial problems (Hansberry 117). From the review of the play A Raisin in the Sun, the use of climax has been brought out effectively making the work interesting as well as captivating. Among the examples of climax in the play is when Walter refused Mr. Lindner offers on the house Mama had bought, additionally, the reporting of Willy running away with the money Walter had given him brought a new twist of events. On the other hand, the play brings out clearly the issue of racial discrimination. It is evident that the Youngers were leaving in a congested house since they could not secure well paying jobs due to their skin color. When mama bought a new and bigger house for the family, the white man who purported to be the chairman of Clybourne Park Improvement Association attempted to frustrate their effort just because the Youngers are black. Faith is also clearly depicted by mama in the play. This play is a typical literature on what happened to blacks in the past and indeed to a small extent at the present. Cummings, Michael. Lorraine Hansberry’s – A Raisin in the Sun / (The Ghetto Trap). 2010. Review of Arising In The Sun. Hansberry, Lorainne. A Raisin in the Sun. New York: Vintage Books, 1988. Orlando Green Review: â€Å"A Raisin in The Sun†, 2000. Web. Hansberry, Lorraine. A Raisin in the Sun Summary. Web.